Zabolotsky brief biography

St. Petersburg 2nd Krasnoarmeyskaya St. In Karaganda, where he lived after liberation from the camp, Zabolotsky finally translated the “Word about Igor’s Regiment” from the ancient Slavic language, which is still considered specialists the best translation of the work. Nikolai Zabolotsky childhood, youth, family Nikolai was born in the spring of the year in the family of Alexei Zabolotsky, the surname was pronounced with an emphasis on A and Lydia Dyakonova from the Kizicheskaya settlement of the Kazan province.

Alexey Agafonovich, a native of peasants and an agronomist by education, ruled a local farm, and enjoyed great respect. Lidia Andreevna worked as a teacher at school, later left the job and devoted herself to the household and children. Another boy died in infancy. The father had a harsh temper, he often broke anger on his wife. Nicholas turned seven years old when their family moved to the village of Sernur of the Urzhum district of the Vyatka province.

There, the boy began to attend an elementary school, in which mostly children of the poor studied, there were many Mari among them. Kolya was a very diligent student, helped the weaker guys. True, at the same time he was pleased with the closed, silent, preferred to play alone, although he was not alien to him and ordinary boyish amusements with friends in nature, which already touched on some inexplicable strings of his soul.

Being a third -grader, he participated in the publication of a school manuscript magazine. He graduated from a two -year training course with a round excellent student. In the same period, Zabolotsky began to start the “secret” notebooks, where he recorded the poems of Alexander Pushkin, later carried away by Alexander Blok and Konstantin Balmont.

His own creation appeared “like in Sernur Big ...”, which is considered the first “real” poem by Zabolotsky. At ten, the boy began to study at the Urzhum real school. They had to live among strangers who fed for a fee and looked after Nicholas. Browning on his relatives, he began to write poetry, became interested in history, painted well and put the first chemical experiments, and was engaged in a gymnastic circle.

In the year, his first poem of Urzhumiad was published. At the end of the school, Zabolotsky went to Moscow, where he entered the historical and philological department of the First Moscow University, as well as to the medical faculty of the Second Moscow Institute. Having studied a year in Moscow, Zabolotsky moved to Petrograd, where he entered the Pedagogical Institute named after Alexander Herzen, to the department of language and literature.

I met many writers, including Daniil Harms and Evgeny Schwartz. During this period, he worked in the department of the children's book of the Association of State Book and Journal of Publishing House. In the year, his first book of poems “Column” was released. The collection was sharply criticized in the press for a sharply satirical style that ridicules the philistinism, but in addition, critics saw in the works of Zabolotsky mockery of collectivization.

The same attitude awaited the poet after the publication of the poem "Triumph of Agriculture" in the magazine "Star". Everyone reads the work, there were also laudatory reviews, but the critic Elena Superia, who called the poem, “evil satire on socialism” crossed out everything. The circulation of the magazine was removed, publishing the “celebration ...” was banned, like the new collection of poems by Zabolotsky.

In the mid -thirties, the poet took up translations to earn a living. Finally, in the year, Nikolai Alekseevich was allowed to publish a collection entitled “The Second Book”. But a year later, Zabolotsky was arrested and accused of creating a counter -revolutionary organization. The poet did not admit the guilt even after torture and later said that this was precisely what saved him from the execution.

He was convicted and sentenced to five years in the forced labor camps. After the release, he lived with his family in Karaganda, where he ended the translation of the “Words of Igor’s Regiment”, which began before the imprisonment. The poet considered the release of the third collection of poems in the year a great achievement, where he included not only the “ugly girl and“ portrait ”, but also the verses of Georgian poets in his translation.

This increased the chances of printing, because the entire Soviet people celebrated the seventieth anniversary of Joseph Stalin. Then Zabolotsky translated the poem by Shota Rustaveli "Knight in a tiger skin." The year became fruitful for the poet: he released the most complete collection of “Poems” and the cycle of lyrical verses “Last Love”, which included many famous works.

The personal life of Nikolai Zabolotsky’s wife the poet in the year was the graduate of the pedagogical institute Ekaterina Klykova. Two children were born in the family - the son of Nikita and the daughter of Natalya. Later, Nikita Nikolaevich became a biologist, wrote several books about his father. Initially, family life took shape happily, even when Zabolotsky was in the camps, his wife supported him, sent parcels and letters.

In the year, the woman announced that she was leaving her husband to writer Vasily Grossman. It was then that Nikolai Alekseevich suffered the first heart attack. Later he became interested in the daughter of a literary critic Alexander Roskin Natalya. Three years later, a few months before the death of Nikolai Zabolotsky, Klykova returned to the family.Friends believed that in the premature death of the poet, it was Ekaterina Vasilievna.

The death and memory of Nikolai Zabolotsky in October of the year, summer Nikolai Zabolotsky had a second heart attack, from which he failed to recover. The grave of Zabolotsky is located in the Novodevichy cemetery of Moscow. In honor of the poet, the street of the village of Salmachi in Tatarstan was named. Nikolai Zabolotsky also erected a monument in the Tarus of the Kaluga Region and memorial boards on the houses where he lived and worked: in Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Kirov, Tarusa.

Interesting facts Zabolotsky’s father played well on the guitar and, together with his wife, performed romances, Russian folk and Mari songs. Nikolai also sang well, had a good hearing. He learned to play first on the balalaika, then on the guitar and the Mari Gusli and participated in home concerts. The beloved occupation of young Nicholas was reading books.

There was a good library in his father's office. Zabolotsky recalled that he was standing at his father’s closet with books, he decided that he would also become an outstanding writer. Also on the shelves lay the Niva magazine, literature on beekeeping and agronomy. Nikolai Zabolotsky knew foreign languages ​​well: English, French, Italian and Georgian. It was thanks to him that Russian readers got acquainted with the work of Georgian poets whose verses he translated.

At the same time, he treated his own creations very critically. After the first heart attack, the poet compiled a list of his works, giving permission only for their publication in the future. He forbade the rest of the poems to print, because he considered them not entirely successful. Important events in life year: I entered the Urzhum real school. The poem "Urzhumiada" was published.

He entered the Pedagogical Institute named after Alexander Herzen for the department of language and literature. He participated in the release of an army newspaper. He published the poems “Campaign”, “Football”, “Red Bavaria”. The collection was sharply criticized. Roman Francois Rabelae "Gargantua and Pantagruel" translated for children. Sent to a correctional labor camp to the Far East.

He lived in Karaganda, where he finished the translation of the "Words of Igor's Regiment."