Biography Maria Alexandrovna

Latest news biography, future Russian Empress Maria Alexandrovna, wife of Emperor Alexander II, was born on July 27 according to the old style of the year in Darmstadt. At the court, rumors were distributed that the daughter was born from the illegitimate connection of her mother and Baron Augustus Senarklen de Granssey. But to prevent rumors, the Duke of Gesssky recognized the illegitimate girl Maria and the boy Alexander by his heirs and gave them his last name.

Children settled with their mother in the palace in Heiligenberg. Maria Aleksandrovna Romanova was engaged in the upbringing of Mary by the priest of the Protestant Church of Zimmerman, as her parent died when the girl was only 12 years old. From the loved ones, Maria remained only a brother. The nominal father did not visit a small half -desert castle and was not interested in children.

The adolescent years of solitude explain the calm and unleasant character of the princess. She did not like the magnificent balls and the crowding of secular society, both in her youth and in adulthood. Personal life at the age of 14, the biography of Princess Maria has changed forever. At one of the visits to the local opera Theater, she was met by Russian Tsesarevich, passing through Darmstadt.

Despite the fact that the Princess of Hesse was not included in the list of European brides for the Russian heir, he was imbued with a sincere feeling for her. Maria reciprocated him. For a long time, his parents were against the candidacy of the princess because of her origin. But the son was adamant. A sweet serious girl suddenly liked the future mother -in -law, and she agreed to marriage.

For two years it was decided to postpone the wedding in connection with the young age of the bride. At this time, she managed to get comfortable in Russia. The German princess accepted Orthodoxy, changing her real name to Russian - Maria Alexandrovna, after which she immediately engaged with Tsarevich. In the spring of the year, Maria and Alexander became married in the Cathedral Church of the Tsarskoye Selo Palace.

Her imperial majesty in the year of 32 years Maria Alexandrovna, along with her husband, entered the throne. But even after the accession to the throne, the new Empress of the Romanov family shrugged noisy events. She preferred a society of close associates, and also talked a lot with the clergy. Maria Alexandrovna and Alexander II contradictly reacted to her rule by many representatives of high society.

Some condemned Maria Alexandrovna for a small participation in the imperial affairs of foreign and domestic policy. But many contemporaries rightfully appreciated its role in the development of Russian society. According to the close maid of honor of Empress Anna Tyutcheva, Maria Alexandrovna carried a heavy cross of service to the Russian people. The achievements of the empress cannot be underestimated by the results of the Queen Maria Aleksandrovna and, above all, her role in the development of the charitable medical organization Red Cross, which began wide activities during the Russian-Turkish war.

Maria Alexandrovna developed the Red Cross Empress, saving on trips to Europe and on the number of outfits, invested the funds of the royal family in favor of the construction of hospitals for the treatment of soldiers, as well as to support orphans and widows. On her behalf, a large number of doctors were sent to the Balkans to help the Slav brothers during the Turkish invasion.

Under her administration, new almshouses and shelters opened throughout the country. Maria Alexandrovna played a large role in the reform of education. With it, 2 higher educational institutions, about 40 gymnasiums, and more educational institutions of the lower stage, earned. The queen contributed to a new round in the organization of female education, which was mainly funded at charity funds.

Maria Aleksandrovna made a tremendous contribution to her education, under her protection, the scientist K. Ushinsky developed a number of pedagogical methods that adhered to all gymnasiums of that period. The obligatory program of primary education began to include objects of the law of God, the Russian language, geography, history, calligraphy, arithmetic, and gymnastics.

The girls were additionally taught needlework and housekeeping. At the highest stage, the foundations of physics, algebra and geometry were added. The Mariinsky Theater was built on the initiative of the Empress by the empress and high art. Under her, the building of the now world famous Mariinsky Theater was built, whose troupe always supported a high professional level and adequately represented Russia in the international arena.

A ballet school was founded under the theater, led by the legendary ballerina Agrippina Vaganova, a few years later. These establishments were kept with the personal money of Maria Aleksandrovna. The queen made a great contribution to the liberation of the peasants, in every possible way supporting the reforms of her husband. The family of the most important achievement of the empress was that she gave Russia a large number of heirs.At the very beginning of marriage, the imperial family survived a heavy tragedy - at the age of 7, their eldest daughter Alexander died from meningitis.

Young spouses mourned the loss for a long time. Maria Aleksandrovna with a family with another blow for her mother was the death of his beloved son Nikolai, who was prepared in the heirs of the throne. In the year, at the age of 22, Tsesarevich died of tuberculosis lesion of the spine. It happened suddenly, and after his funeral, Maria Alexandrovna has forever lost interest in life.

The second son Alexander was hastily prepared for the throne, and in the end he managed to become one of the wise and peaceful rulers on the Russian throne. Subsequently, they fell at the hands of the Bolsheviks: Sergey in the year, and Elizabeth - in the princess also belonged to the Darmstad court, and her sister Alexandra Fedorovna became the wife of Nicholas II, the last king of the Romanov house.

The daughter of Maria married Prince of Edinburgh, the son of Queen Victoria, thereby slightly strengthening Russian-British relations. Religion Maria Alexandrovna was a devout person. She combined the best features of Protestant service to people and the depths of the Orthodox faith. The empress studied the works of the Holy Fathers, the Life of the Saints. Anna Tyutcheva introduced her biography to the Russian ascetic of Vera Maria Alexandrovna.

Maria Alexandrovna soon appeared in the royal family the half -mandates of the righteous, which the relatives of Maria Alexandrovna carefully preserved among other shrines of the family. After her death, in memory of her mother, the sons built in Jerusalem the temple of Mary Magdalena, in which the relics of Elizabeth Fedorovna now rest. The death of the last years of the life of Maria Alexandrovna were overshadowed by the disease, the death of her beloved son, as well as numerous betrayal of the loving husband.

The queen never outwardly showed her dissatisfaction with the behavior of her husband and did not reproach him for anything.

It is known that the main favorite of Alexander II, Princess Ekaterina Dolgorukova, lived along with illegitimate children with a floor above the chambers of the crowned empress. In many ways, this was done for security reasons: 7 attempts were made on the tsar-reformer, the last of which turned out to be fatal. Ekaterina Dolgorukova, the queen worried all terrorist acts, each time her condition worsened.

Personal doctor Maria Alexandrovna, Sergey Petrovich Botkin, taking care of her well -being, recommended that she periodically live in the Crimea. But the last six months of her life, Maria Alexandrovna, contrary to the instructions of the doctor, spent in St. Petersburg, which negatively affected her health. The Empress of Empress Maria Alexandrovna Empress died at the beginning of the summer of the year due to the complications of tuberculosis.

The tomb of the queen is located in the Peter and Paul Cathedral of St. Petersburg. Memory of Empress Maria Alexandrovna is immortalized by the descendants of the name of cities, streets and educational institutions. A bust of the queen with a memorial board was recently installed in the Mariinsky Theater. The Mariinsky Temple today is the main cathedral of the Convent in Gepsimania.

In the newsreel, the name of Maria Alexandrovna is captured in documentary and in feature cinema. Irina Kupchenko reached an especially great visual resemblance to the empress, which can be seen in the photo of the frames of the tape with the participation of the Russian actress. Irina Kupechnko in the role of Empress Maria Alexandrovna in the series "The Emperor's Love" by the audience love is used by the films "Emperor Roman", "The Emperor's Love" and the series "Poor Nastya".