Brief biography of Miloslavsky
Miloslavsky - statesman of the XVII century. The insufficient development of this topic in historiography and strong dependence on the messages of Kotoshikhin and Meyerberg do not give a complete idea of Miloslavsky either as a diplomatic figure, or as the head of the government of the middle of the 17th century. The materials for the study were royal letters, notes of foreigners and contemporaries.
Miloslavsky on May came from a small noble family, which switched to Rus' from Lithuania at the end of the XIV century. Starting his service by fulfilling the diplomatic order, by order of B. Morozov, he in the city, however, was also called the Dyak Lazarev sent with him. This indicated that Miloslavsky was just starting diplomatic activities and did not have sufficient work experience.
He probably successfully coped with the assignment, since negotiations associated with the Azov demanded continuation. Turkish envoys were sent to Moscow with him. On the road, the embassy was detained for several months by the Don Cossacks. The diplomatic service of Miloslavsky was successful, and in - we see him as a messenger to Holland. The goal of the embassy was to further strengthen Russian-Gollandic relations and the Russian service of military officers and artisans.
After marriage in the city, so Miloslavsky hit the Boyar Duma. After the removal from the state affairs of B. Morozov and his expulsion from Moscow after the salt riot G. Miloslavsky became actually the head of government. He managed to stop the Moscow uprising in difficult conditions by negotiations with the best people of Moscow who had an influence on the rebels.
In the same year, Miloslavsky headed the Boyar Duma and at the same time became a judge of orders: pharmaceuticals and in G. as we see, Miloslavsky concentrated the most important orders in his hands. His appointment in the pharmacist's order was of particular importance, since a reliable person should have been led by the production and supply of medicines to the palace.
A fact is known when, for the excessive boast of Miloslavsky, the king expelled mutually in the presence of foreign ambassadors and the boyar Duma. Trying to imitate the king, who loved different wonders, and as the head of the pharmaceutical order, Miloslavsky founded the Botanical Garden and the pharmacist garden between the Borovitsky gates and the coast of the Moscow River.
The garden abundantly supplied the pharmaceutical order with herbs for the preparation of drugs, the sale of which brought a large income to the state treasury. However, Miloslavsky abused his position. Historical sources indicate that he repeatedly launched his hand into the state treasury. During the period of monetary reform carried out in - gg. This was considered a gross violation of the law, since all copper must have surrendered to the royal treasury at a price of 7.5 rubles.
The people who got rich at this gave huge bribes to Miloslavsky - the royal father -in -law and bought out from cruel punishments. In the city of Streshnev, the boyar I. Miloslavsky and the clerks to interrogate different Moscow elders and settlements, trading people and guests about the high cost of prices. The created commission identified one of the main reasons for inflation - copper money, which was canceled by special decree on March 15, fraud and bribery of Miloslavsky, many saw the tsar of numerous complaints of thieves' sheets from relatives and comrades of executed counterfeiters.
Miloslavsky until his death remained close to the court of the boyar. His duty included the presence at the meetings of the Boyar Duma, during important techniques in the palace and royal feasts. Miloslavsky died on May 19. Since he did not have direct heirs, the house in the Moscow Kremlin, the patrimony in the Nizhny Novgorod district and the Belgorod volost were unsubscribed to the state treasury.
Adeleng F. Baron Meyerberg and his journey to Russia. Kotoshikhin G. about Russia in the reign of Alexei Mikhailovich. Epiphany S. Order judges of the XVII century. Veselovsky S.