Biography of Vasily Sergeevich

Having become a round orphan, Vasily himself, of his own free will and, for his own money from his father, there were two houses that the teenager’s guardians managed to rent in Tokyo in a year. There, in the Orthodox Theological Seminary, founded by an outstanding missionary and Japanese expert - Archbishop Nikolai Japanese Ivan Kasatkin, a close friend of the future creator Sambo Trofim Yurkevich was already studying, and several more Russian teenagers with him.

The main objective of their stay in Japan was a deep study of the language of yesterday and future enemy, and the Russian military department paid for study with a strategic sight. Oshchepkov studied at his own expense for himself, but it was his Lord Nikolai that he repeatedly noted as a well -mannered and sensible pupil. I must say, studying in the seminary was extremely difficult, hard, including for purely domestic reasons.

Russian teenagers lived with their local peers in absolutely Japanese conditions: they wore local clothes, ate Japanese food, sat on their knees on the floor for hours, slept on flooding mattresses spread on the floor. Starting from the second year of training, even with each other they were allowed to speak only in Japanese.

Since the year in the seminary, as in most Japanese schools, the teaching of judo began. Classes were led by a local policeman-the owner of the 2nd workshop of the degree of black belt. In the training room, Vasily showed outstanding abilities and, together with another Russian teenager, was accepted for training at Alma Mater Judo, where the founder of judo, Dr.

Cano Jigoro, also taught. There, as in the seminary, a harsh discipline reigned, and studying at the same time in two places was, of course, incredibly difficult. In addition, judo’s training itself was then incomparably more tough than now, and we must not forget that the Russian teenager studied among those with whom his country fought several years ago. Nationalist sentiments in Japanese society were still extremely strong, and the fact that in the year Vasily Oshchepkov became the first Russian graduate of Kodokan, having received a black belt, without any exaggeration, can be called a real feat.

Much later, already in the post -war times, the students of Vasily Sergeyevich said that all his life he proudly kept a clipping from a Japanese magazine entitled “The Russian Bear achieved his goal” with mentioning the assignment of the first workshop of his degree. At the same time, Oshchepkov graduated from the seminary and went to Harbin for service as a military translator in the Russian army - at the end of his studies, from a year, the military department took him to the state -owned koste.

Having become a military translator, and later - a scout, Vasily Sergeyevich never left judo classes, no matter how hard his service was and no matter what terrible events took place in Russia. Moreover, the native of Sakhalin always strove forward and knew how to achieve what seemed impossible to others. In the year, Vasily Oshchepkov again went down in history, for the first time in world practice, having organized international team competitions in Vladivostok with a team of the commercial school of the city of Otaru, and, being on a business trip to Japan, passed an exam for the 2nd Dan Judo.

But the struggle of the struggle, and after the revolution, Vasily Sergeyevich was forced to look for a new service. He became a translator at the headquarters of the Japanese Expeditionary Corps and at the same time an agent of Bolshevik intelligence under the operational pseudonym Japanese. However, judo did not go away from his life. Competitions will begin today at 3 o’clock in the afternoon.

Athletes are brave people from Japanese and English warships. ” On the same day, the commander of the 5th Japanese squadron, Rear Admiral and Master Judo Kato Hirohara wrote in his diary: “He watched Judo in [society]“ Sport ”. Vasily is magnificent! He made me demonstrate a pair of pair with him. ” Soon Vasily the Magnificent left Vladivostok. First, he went to North Sakhalin, and then to Kobe and Tokyo as an illegal resident of Soviet military intelligence working under the cover of a film distributor.

Alas, an illiterate, but in a revolutionary impulsive authorities of Oshchepkov, did not manage to appreciate the scale of his work and the successes achieved to introduce into Japanese society, suddenly recalling a resident in the USSR. In the spring of the year, Vasily Sergeyevich was forced to return home and from that time began to actively promote judo in the Soviet Union, while working on the creation of a new type of struggle and hand -to -hand combat for his homeland.

Since the year, Oshchepkov became a teacher of judo in the main sports club of the Red Army, and a little later at the Institute of Physical Education in Moscow. Deprived of the ability to contact foreign colleagues in the USSR, he constantly improved and adapted judo to Soviet realities, creating on its basis a new type of struggle, which first called the Soviet Free style struggle, and later, in ser.The historian of the struggle, Alexei Gorbylev, counted several dozens of world self -defense systems, with which, judging by the preserved data, Vasily Oshchepkov was familiar and which he studied, trying to take all the best out of them to introduce in his homeland, in the Soviet Union.

As a result, the judo system of Oshchepkov by the end of the X began to differ very much from the codokan-judo system, and far from the worse. She incorporated a lot of sports and applied techniques that existed in other types of martial arts, and now it was a hitherto universal form of self -defense. Oshchepkov was married three times. With his first wife, a white -emigrant from Japan or North Sakhalin Ekaterina Zhuravleva, he remotely divorced in Harbin in the year, after, while on a business trip, he fell in love with a summer countrywoman from Aleksandrovsk Maria Grigoryevna, who had lived by then in Harbin.

At 22 in Novosibirsk, the second wife died of tuberculosis. He loved the English boxing competition very much, in Moscow he spent the weekend with his family at boxers matches. In recent years, Oshchepkov began to appear health problems. Resting in the Crimea, he never went to the beaches, did not bathe and did not sunbathe. Oshchepkov’s students noted that he had never appeared before them naked at least to the waist.

Some concluded that he hid some skin disease-professional diseases of the fighters due to their skin contact with each other, often a complication of these diseases are heart damage, poor health and heart problems served as a heart attack in prison. Oshchepkov introduced the form of wrestlers in clothes, which includes crags to minimize the contact of students with the instructor and with each other, not only to protect from fractures of the fingers.

The student of Kharlampiev and Oshchepkov A. Budzinsky said that he was in the teacher’s apartment at the beginning of the year in Medvedev Lane. According to him, "Vasily Sergeyevich was lying on the bed and was sick, he was already tormented by heart disease, and he did not part with nitroglycerin." After the beginning of July 7, the Japanese-Chinese War, the NKVD hysteria was followed by members of the families of the traitors of the Motherland and the right-to-rust elements and especially all related to China and Japan.

In particular, on September 20, the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs N. Ezhov signed an order of Harbin residents, announcing all former Harbinists 25 thousand people quite exposed to all the charges of spying by agents of Japanese intelligence, as it was argued that the vast majority of them were indeed Japanese spies, and first of all, who had ever worked in Japanese firms were arrested.

Citizen Oshchepkov to attract as an accused under Art. A measure of restraint of methods for evading the investigation and the court to choose the content in custody. ” But he was not yet considered proven guilt, since otherwise his wife and daughter would also be arrested. On the night of October 1 to 2, as a former Harbin, who worked in Japanese firms in the field of film production and film distribution, and in accordance with this decision, Oshchepkov was arrested.

Oshchepkov formally was a reemigrant, since in the year the Soviet passport was first received, being listed as a subject of the Japanese empire from the year to cover when leaving for intelligence, but for the investigation it did not matter. Moreover, in the investigative affairs of friends, Oshchepkov Yurkevich and Pleshakov, there are no references to the fact that they were scouts.

Such was a legalized practice: in accordance with the Criminal Procedure Code of those years, mentioning the under investigation of their secret work was equated with the disclosure of state secrets and automatically added another accusation, increased the severity of guilt, lengthened the deadline or led to the shooting. Oshchepkov did not manage to interrogate, but he would only worsen his chances of surviving a recognition of work for Soviet intelligence.

Oshchepkov also worked in his Japanese company, and before the revolution was an employee of the tsarist counterintelligence - before the creation of individual counterintelligence bodies in the year - the gendarme in the categories that thought in the NKVD of the year. In addition, Oshchepkov was a former white officer who were on a special secret account. Slomenovekhovets, Harbinets, Reemigrant, Japanese Spy, former gendarme Vasily Oshchepkov was doomed in any case, at any of the five possible points of prosecution.

Oshchepkov died in the Butyrskaya prison cell on October 10 - according to the official version, from a heart attack, without the use of torture. The prisoners stood in chambers, where not just fresh, but no air was not enough. He turned to the doctor, the angina pectoris was recognized, but he was not translated into a normal, not crowded camera. But still, V.

Oshchepkov was not considered a completely exposed spy before the interrogation that had not been an ended interrogation, since otherwise his wife and daughter would be arrested in accordance with the village of Trofim Stepanovich Yurkevich was arrested on the orders of the Harbins at the end of March. Two days later he changed his testimony, saved this wife and daughter of Oshchepkov, but he himself was shot at the Butovsky training ground on July 10.On October 8, two days before the death of Oshchepkov, judo was excluded from the institute’s curriculum, and all teachers, headed by Oshchepkov, were sent on vacation with subsequent dismissal from November 1.

True, Nikolai Galkovsky soon returned and continued the preparation of corporal fighters. But in the year of Juuu-Do and Juu-do-do as a system that came out of capitalist Japan, were excluded from the curriculum of the institutions and technical schools of physical education, why the students of Oshchepkov introduced its new names-instead of the “free-style judo” by V.

Oshchepkov-simply “the struggle of the free style” and the name “Sambo” was included in the name of Sambo, included in the name The Sambo system of some techniques from the books of V. Spiridonov, and about the Japanese Ju-da and Juu-da-free style of Oshchepkov in their works, did not even mention. In the year, thanks to the efforts of the widow of Oshchepkov, Anna Ivanovna, he was rehabilitated for the absence of a crime in his actions.

In years, in various regions of Russia, clubs and tournaments were organized by Sambo memory by V. Oshchepkov, including the All-Russian Youth Battle Sambo Tournament in memory of V. In the year, a commemorative board was opened in the homeland of the master - in Aleksandrovsk. In honor of the main founder of Sambo, Vasily Oshchepkov, a street in Moscow was named in the territory of the Moskvichka residential complex in the settlement of the Sosensky Novomoskovsky Administrative District.

A Sambo Sports Center will be built on the new street.