Sklifosov biography Institute

A doctor who is capable of a sense of professional duty for several days to constantly stay at the operating table. This was Nikolai Vasilievich Sklifosovsky in the year, when the Council of Moscow University unanimously elected him to the department of the faculty surgical clinic and soon appointed Dean. Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov loved Sklifosovsky. He guessed his talent early and recommended to the department of theoretical surgery.

And I was not mistaken. It made a large Russian surgeon from it. Nikolai Sklifosovsky was born on March 25 on a farm near the city of Dubossary, Tiraspol district of the Kherson province. He was the ninth child in many times 12 children to the Ukrainian family of a poor nobleman Vasily Pavlovich Sklifosovsky, who served as a writer of the Dubossary quarantine office. There were many children, it was extremely difficult to feed such a horde.

Nikolai was sent early to the Odessa orphans. From an early age, he has learned a bitter sense of homelessness and loneliness, the salvation from which very soon began to look for in teaching. His natural sciences, ancient and foreign languages, literature and history were especially interested.

The teaching was not only salvation, but also the goal - to overcome an unenviable destiny, difficult everyday circumstances, to defeat a fate. He received secondary education at the Odessa gymnasium. He graduated from one of the best students with a silver medal and an excellent certificate that gave him benefits when entering Moscow University. The University Council adopted a resolution "On the placement of the pupil of the Odessa order of public charity by Nikolai Sklifosovsky for state -owned content." Nikolai left for Moscow, full of hopes and aspirations.

He kept almost all exams in theoretical disciplines to “excellently”, except for physics and zoology, which he passed “good”. Sklifosovsky became a student of the outstanding surgeon F. Inozemtsev, the eternal competitor of Pirogov, who took the hope of the department of surgery of Moscow University from the great surgeon. In the material sense, Nikolai was still in a difficult and dependent on the Odessa order.

All his student years, he lived on a meager scholarship, which the Odessa order often sent him late. Even in the year, when Sklifosovsky, brilliantly graduating from the University of the medical faculty of the University, among the few students of the 1st year, he received the right to keep an exam at the degree of doctor of medicine, he was going to go to Odessa to the place of work, the Odessa order, as usual, detained his last scholarship.

He had to ask for money to travel from the university leadership. In the year, at the age of 23, having settled the resident of the surgical department of the Odessa city hospital, Sklifosovsky finally gains professional independence and material independence. He will work in this hospital for 10 years! For the sake of this, he will abandon the place of the hospital’s chief physician offered to him soon: he needs constant surgical practice, regalia is less important.

In the Odessa period, he began his well -known series of ovariotomy dissection of the ovary. In the year, at Kharkov University, Nikolai Vasilievich will defend a doctoral dissertation on the topic “On the Blood peripidic Tumor” and will go in a year on a foreign business trip for improvement in a year. During these two years, he managed to work at the Pathological Institute of Virkhov and at the clinic of the surgeon B.

Langenbek in Germany, the surgeon A. Nelaton - and at the anatomical institute of Clamart in France, went to England to get acquainted there with London medical schools, and then work in Scotland with D. Simpson, which consisted of a year Professor of obstetrics at the University of Edinburgh. He will have time to get acquainted with military field surgery-with the permission of the Russian government, Sklifosovsky participated in the Austro-Prussian war, actively working on dressings and in lasaretes and even fighting under Sadovaya, for which he was awarded the iron cross.

His name became famous in the medical world. In the year, on the recommendation of Pirogov, Sklifosovsky received an invitation to occupy the Department of Surgery at Kiev University. But here he did not remain long: he soon again went to the Franco-Prussian War Theater, and upon his return in the year, he was called to the department of surgical pathology at the Medical and Surgical Academy in Petersburg, where he first teaches a surgical pathology and heads the surgical department in the clinical military hospital, and accepts surgery from a year.

Baronet Vilier Clinic. In the house of the Sklifosovsky, in which the wife Sofya Alexandrovna skillfully and smartly supported the hospitable traditions of the best intellectual Russian families, there were composer P. Tchaikovsky, artist V. Vereshchagin, and the famous lawyer A. The interests of Sklifosovsky were quite extensive: he loved painting, literature, music.

By the way, his wife was the laureate of the International Musical Competition of the Vienna Conservatory, and her daughter Olga Nikolaevna studied music from Nikolai Rubinstein. The great doctor with S. was friendsBotkin, lit up until late at night with a professor of chemistry and composer A. Borodin, met with A. in the year he again leaves for war, this time in Montenegro, as a consultant in surgery at the Red Cross.

The then flared up Russian-Turkish war in the year calls him to the army. He bandages the first wounded during the crossing through the Danube, works as a surgeon in the Russian army near Plevna and on Shipka. One of his trips to the fort of St. Nicholas almost cost his life. For the sake of work, he could forget everything, and if the circumstances demanded that, he could operate for several days in a row, not being distracted by either sleep or food.

With the counterattacks of the army of Suleiman-Pasha, Nikolai Vasilievich operated on four days in a row without rest and sleep under enemy fire! The reports indicate that at that time about 10 wounded passed through his camps. The doctor and sisters, among whom was the wife of Sofya Aleksandrovna, supported his strength by the fact that occasionally between individual operations they poured several sips of wine into his mouth.

In the year, Sklifosovsky switched to the department of academic surgical clinic, and in the year he was elected to the department of faculty surgery of the clinic of Moscow University. Professor Sklifosovsky is elected dean of the medical faculty of Moscow University, where he successfully works in the years. In Moscow, he stayed for 14 years, it was the most productive period of his scientific and pedagogical activity.

Under no circumstances, Nikolai Vasilievich did not cheat on his noble gentleman's regulations, no one saw him in a quick -tempered, lost his temper. And at the same time, he was both an emotional, and a fascinated person. The first operation, as usual in those years without chloroform anesthesia, made such a strong impression on the young student Nikolai Sklifosovsky that he fainted.

In years, he returns to St. Petersburg and is appointed director of the clinical Elepin Institute for the improvement of doctors and the head of one of the surgical departments of this institute. Here he remained up to a year, teaching the practical surgery of doctors who flowed here in courses from all over Russia. In the year, due to illness, he resigned and after some time went to his estate, to the Poltava province.

The first wife of Sklifosovsky died at the age of 24 from typhoid. Three of his children died. The Othada estate, where he settled after his first marriage, was renamed the Yakovtsy ... It stood on the high bank of the Vorksla, there were two miles before it. Every day, in any weather, Sklifosovsky went on tremors swim. In Moscow and in St. Petersburg, he then bathed all year round.

In winter, in St. Petersburg, for him, an ice hole was made on the Neva, and every day he went to plunge into ice water every morning. Several apoplexy blows interrupt the life of an outstanding surgeon. For the past four years, he lived in his Poltava estate “Yakovtsy”. He was buried in a place memorable for Russia, where the Battle of Poltava once passed. Just in those days in Moscow, the work of Russian surgeons has already begun its everyday work, thanks to Sklifosovsky, thanks to Sklifosovsky.

His discovery was overshadowed by the news of the death of Nikolai Vasilievich Sklifosovsky. The name of the wonderful Russian surgeon of Sklifosovsky was awarded the ambulance Institute in Moscow. Continuing the anatomical and physiological direction of N. Pirogov in surgery, Sklifosovsky developed many issues of surgical treatment of various diseases. He was one of the first to operate on the removal of ovarian cysts, which contributed to the development of abdominal surgery in Russia.

Sklifosovsky proposed surgical treatment of brain hernias, hernias of the abdominal wall, cancer of the tongue and jaws, the stomach, the operational removal of the stones of the bladder; He developed indications for the surgical treatment of the disease of the gallbladder, the methodology of operations. He developed operations of removal of the goiter, extirpation of the larynx, etc., he paid special attention to abdominal surgery: in the Moscow period, he was one of the first to use gastrostomy1, in St.

Petersburg - the “button of Murphy”. Of the other outstanding innovations in Russian surgery - the use of a bubble seam. Nikolai Vasilievich, together with I. Nasilov, proposed a new way of connecting long tubular bones with false joints, which was called the “Sklifosovsky Castle”, or “Russian Castle”. Following European science, he always stood at its level, applied and developed new methods of plastic surgery.

Widely promoted antiseptic and aseptic methods and one of the first in Russia to introduce both methods into surgical practice. In Russia, it was a moment of turning from old surgery to a new one. Professor Sklifosovsky was a prominent public figure: he took an active part in the convocation of Pirogov congresses of Russian doctors. He owns the initiative to hold the Congresses of Russian Surgeons.

At this congress, he was honored on the occasion of the fortieth anniversary of scientific and surgical activity. Nikolai Vasilievich was the co -editor of the magazine "Surgical Chronicle" and the co -editor and founder of "Chronicle of Russian Surgery", and then the "Russian Surgical Archive". It is worth noting that the "Chronicle" was the first special organ of surgeons in Moscow.

Sklifosovsky courses at the Yelepin Institute helped the spread of practical surgery among provincial, especially zemstvo doctors. Nature does not force the heart and other organs to work in vain.