Berry Brief biography

At the trial, 14 accused abandoned their testimonies. However, 40 people were sentenced to execution, the rest were sentenced to various terms of imprisonment. Of the 23 accused in the case of espionage, 21 people were sentenced to execution. Akulova, where he indicated illegal methods of conducting the investigation. At the same time, a statement addressed to the head of the complaints of the Soviet control commission M.

Ulyanova Lenin was sent by A. Revis, one of the two non -revealed defendants in the case of espionage in favor of Japan. He also reported illegal methods of conducting the investigation. The Politburo Commission, formed on September 15, to study both statements and consisted of Kaganovich, Kuibyshev and Akulov, came to the conclusion that the statements are consistent with the truth.

The commission prepared a draft resolution in which the eradication of illegal methods of investigation was provided; The punishment of the perpetrators and the revision of cases of Revis and Markevich. Kirov’s murder prevented the adoption of this project. Photo for memory. Berry - the first on the left in the third row after the return of Maxim Gorky Berge, who was familiar with the writer from pre -revolutionary times, began to completely control his contacts and social activities.

According to many historians, the berry during this period had an affair with the wife of Maxim Peshkov, the son of Gorky. In July, under the leadership of the berry, the network of correctional labor camps increased, the construction of the Belomoro-Baltic Canal was carried out by the forces of prisoners. 36 prominent writers, headed by Maxim Gorky, were involved in the glorification of this slave construction.

The berry officially wore the title of "the first initiator, organizer and ideological head of the socialist industry of the taiga and the north." In honor of the “merits” of the berries on the organization of camp construction projects, a special monument was even erected on the last gateway of the Belomoro-Baltic Canal in the form of a thirty-meter five-pointed star, inside of which there was a giant bronze bust of the berry.

In the year of Berry, the first was awarded the Marshal title “General Commissioner of State Security”. In Rybinsk, they were proud of their "outstanding fellow countryman." The name of the berry was assigned to the Rybinsk plant of printing machines. On August 4, the Northern Worker newspaper appeared a note “Rybinsk - Rodina of Comrade. At this time, a relative of G. still lived in the city Berries - Olga Filippovna, who, as the newspaper reported, "was brought up at one time." The wife of the berries of Ida Leonidovna Averbach became a lawyer, served as an investigator of the prosecutor's office.

Vyshinsky and with his preface. In it, the Averbach characterized the Gulag as an ideal means of "turning the most bad human material into full -fledged active conscious builders of socialism." Alexander Solzhenitsyn, who mentioned the Averbach Ida in his famous work “The Gulag Archipelago”, indicated that she planned to defend the dissertation on the problem of “changing consciousness in camp conditions”.

Very soon, one Voroshilov will survive in August, which was fed up with subordinates of the berries, the indicative first Moscow process against Kamenev and Zinoviev and their accomplices. But the People's Commissar himself was already outlined by the owner as another victim. In September, the berry was removed from the post of People's Commissar of Internal Affairs and appointed Commissar of Communications.

And already in January it was removed from this post, excluded from the CPSU b. At the February-March plenum of the Central Committee of the year, it was subjected to stiffly criticism. During the search, according to the protocol, in addition to a huge wardrobe and other manufactory, a whole arsenal of rifles and revolvers, of various antiques, films, postcards, photographs of pornographic, rubber penis, “Trotskyist literature”, as well as two spilled bullets that were killed by Zinoviev and Kamenev were found.

Initially, the berry was accused of committing “anti-state and criminal offenses”, then in “ties with Trotsky, Bukharin and Rykov, organizations of the Trotskyist-fascist conspiracy in the NKVD, preparing the assassination attempt on Stalin and Yezhov, the preparation of the coup and intervention”. In addition, the berry and secretary of Gorky P. Kryuchkov was shot on March 15 on the murder of the great proletarian writer and his son Maxim, the husband of the mistress of the berry.

The great proletarian writer Maxim Gorky and his best friends - Personal Secretary P. Together with her mother and seven -year -old son, she was sent to exile in Orenburg.

In the spring of the year, she was returned to Moscow and on June 16 she was shot at a training ground in Kommunarka. The father and brother of Ida Leonidovna were also shot, and her mother received a term and died in a camp in the year. The sisters of Henry Berry Lilia and Esther were arrested and shot in the year. Olga Filippovna Yagoda did not forget the summer Rybinsk relative: she was arrested in Rybinsk on October 20 and on October 28 was given ten years of camps.

Rehabilitated it only on April 5. Ida Averbach was rehabilitated on February 21. In March, Yagoda appeared in the third Moscow process in the case of the “anti-Soviet law-Trotskyist bloc” as one of the main accused.In total, 21 people were brought to the process, including Bukharin, Rykov, Ivanov and other people known in the country. The berry replied to the accusation of espionage: “No, in this I do not plead guilty.

If I were a spy, I assure you that dozens of states would be forced to dissolve their intelligence. ” He pleaded guilty that he covered the participants in the conspiracy, being deputy chairman of the OGPU. At dawn on March 13, the court announced the verdict. The last attempt of the berry to keep the life of pardon.