Zheleznov Snezhinsk biography

Mikhail Zheleznov: “The too fragile line between the main activity we are engaged in, and what is the concomitant“ interview to us on June 11, the President of Russia and the Supreme Commander -in -Chief spoke out for large -scale re -equipment of the Russian army and navy - including the forces of nuclear deterrence. This imposes a special responsibility for scientists and specialists working in Sarov and Snezhinsk.

How were new tasks broadcasting on the activities of the Ural nuclear-muddy center, which celebrates its sixtieth anniversary this year? Why are nuclear physicists working in centers such as Snezhinsk now? The institute, as before, works quite productively. Over the past ten years - about a dozen such "products". This is a good result for a compact nuclear center, which, along with the main activity, is puzzled by a number of other issues - including fundamental, general scientific nature, and general citizens.

At the interval of about a year, we had large delivery of products. This is not to the anniversary, but for the specific work that we handed over last year. Recently, we have no heroic achievements with them. Such a joint work is underway - large and serious. But before the result, you still have to survive, it is several years. It is important that we are in constant contact with the HCC.

We did not lose the connection with them, despite the fact that we are in different departments, and that there was a period of enthusiasm for extremely solid fuel media. Even in those years, when the majority guided the Moscow Institute of Heat Engineering, the developer of solid -fuel missiles Topol and Bulava - A. I think that this is very good: we are not from a naked start to jump, but already having joint developments ...

- The topic of miniaturization of nuclear charges, which for many years the center stood out in the Urals, has not yet exhausted ourselves? As we see, terrorist threats are not reduced in the world, and therefore the development of products that, under certain circumstances, can be secretly and illegally moved, fraught with unpredictable consequences. I don’t think that somewhere in the world this is completely frankly engaged in, as I understand it, the creation of compact ammunition and ammunition remains the most important task ...-Mikhail Zheleznov: let's return to their original positions.

We are not an autonomous scientific organization that works as part of our own fundamental research. We work on certain tasks of the Ministry of Defense and other ministries that are connected with. We work based on the tactical and technical characteristics of the product that we are asked a priori. They are certainly linked with the goal and tasks that are faced with a particular product.

And the tasks can be different. The second most important circumstance is the carrier. These are the most key things: why the charge is for, and how it is delivered. They set the foundation for all further actions - that it will be in size, how difficult, voluminous, etc. it is. And therefore, some miniature things are not set for the goal. This is already pointless, probably.

Today, many others have created samples that local tasks successfully solve. Three "bison" have already been sold. Moreover, two with the performance of 10 theraflops were brought to a hundred and even a little higher - the “atomic” shells for the Armata tank, which my colleague Sergei Ptichkin recently wrote in the “RG”, just a figure of speech? Or is there something behind this? We have completed a certain fragment of work on an ordinary brisent high -explosive product.

The fragment was completed and given. And this, if you want, is a demand for time. Certain competencies that were weakened or even lost as part of the corporatization of enterprises, when people were quit, and research work was not carried out to the proper volume, now it is necessary to restore and develop. Because in everything related to explosives, chemistry is very complicated.

And she is going on an increasing outcome all the time. Nothing is invented from scratch. New explosives are the development of previous developments: something changes, something is supplemented. In some cases, these are phlegmatizers, in others - nanomaterials that can improve the required characteristics: throwing ability, crushing and the like. Because the too fragile line between the main activity we are engaged in, and what is concomitant to us - both from the point of view of the scientific and from the point of view of practical.

But we also bring certain products to a high degree of readiness, and they will be produced in series. Let the “iron”, but with the brains, will move for a short time from the main activity of VNIITF, related to research and developments in the nuclear -maligned sphere, and we will talk about what you are doing for civil application. In m, the volume of work on other products, as we call it, was approximately 1.3 billion.

A year later, they made 2.3. In m, despite the crisis affairs, it was possible to raise a little more - 2.4 billion. And for this year, Rosatom Group of Companies, like any state structure, plans to us from reached - 3.5 billion rubles.I don’t like to run ahead, but I hope that we can overcome this bar. In addition to what we do in the framework of our state defense order and the comprehensive ones, which we supply to the adjacent to their GOZ, we are able to produce other products for billions a year.

To do this, you must even more thoroughly engage in mathematical modeling. And in civilian directions, this is still weak. Although we are already able to make good data processing centers, we can operate with large information arrays. There are certain successes in joint work with Gazprom. For example, software products that allow you to fully automate large gas transmission highways.

In order to always and clearly understand how much the product has passed, in what condition the equipment, when it requires repair, replacement, etc., has not yet learned to earn money on this, but we are actively developing the direction. We have created a special service that monitors serious competitive procedures inside Rosatom and in other large structures.

For several years we have been participating in the tenders of Rosenergoatom. They have competitions, as a rule, for the entire “chain”: to develop, mount, test and put into operation. We willingly participate in this. The production of radiopharmaceuticals is currently mounted, all certification procedures and trial launches have passed. If just a radiopharmaceutical plant is short -lived isotopes.

Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk - can be delivered there. But only. And it would be more correct not only to produce isotopes, but also to provide a scanning service. To solve this problem, a joint venture with the Rosata city corporation has already been created. VNIITF as its 25 percent introduces technology and achievements in neutron therapy, for the production of isotopes, ensures the operation of equipment, serves it and rents a radio -pharmaceutical plant for this enterprise.

And the Rosatom Corporation, receiving a package of 75 percent, acquires a scanner, agrees with the FMM to provide this medical service to the population and organizes the entire business. The project was agreed with the administration of the Chelyabinsk region and received the support of the governor. In the future, we see the creation of a specialized center for ion therapy in Snezhinsk.

Kurochka is pecking in a grain - and the "bison" supercomputers that you have developed are in demand? And all three are different. One car with an initially declared capacity of 10 teraflops at the request of the customer was brought to almost a hundred, the other even higher, and one was sold a small one. So far. Another working with ourselves. Or was there some kind of program-budget funds were allocated, and you put three cars in some state institutions against this?

Is business really possible here? Sold to defense enterprises who needed it. But not just put like an expensive cabinet, but we conduct service on our own to maintain performance. Some of our laser products are put on serial production, although it can be small batches. In particular, rangefinders, target indicators, other products with defense or civilian use. And besides, we provide components of our partners, including our colleagues in Sarov.

We plan that this direction in a year or two will approach by income to a billion rubles and even surpass its cords - this, sometimes 40 million. Sometimes for only a year it has not been for a year ... Explosive compositions inside the perforators - one part of the money. Welding with an explosion is different. Research for related enterprises that we do in the gas -dynamic department - the third part of the income.

And all together - a set of income, between each other. It is difficult to predict in advance which direction how much money will bring. And those who breed chickens at one time spoke well about the egg -rate machine created by you from Snezhinsk. It was, as I understand it, one of the first conversion projects. Do you still produce such cars? But we support the ZIPs for currently working cars - of those one and a half hundred that were released in Snezhinsk.

Although unexpected orders continue to arrive. This year there are already two - from those who have these cars have been wound, but still work. They want to buy new ones, and it is from us.