Biography of Sumarokov photo

Born: November 25, one of the main theorists of Russian classicism. A brief biographical certificate Alexander Petrovich Sumarokov is a native of an old noble surname. Born in Finland.

In the year, he enters the land gentry corps - an educational institution for noble nobles. The first literary experiments belong to the period of students. He was in military service in adyting positions. Since the year he became the director of the newly created Russian theater and his director. In the year, after clashes with the authorities, he resigned and became the first Russian professional writer.

He divorced his nobility and, challenging the noble public ... opinion, married a serf girl. After her death, he married for the third time - again on the serf, her niece. XVIII centuries. Modern admirers therefore repeatedly proclaimed Sumarokov “Putting Boalo”, “Northern Rasin”, “Moliere”, “Russian Lafontaine”. He died in extreme poverty and was buried by Moscow actors at the cemetery of the Don Monastery.

The exact location of its burial is still not known. Sumarokov’s literary activity was one of the theorists of Russian classicism - he wrote the “Epistol about poetry” and “Epistol about the Russian language”. In them, he raised the issue of imitation by exemplary writers, created a strict system of genres, approved the need to subordinate the form to the content.

Directly behind Trediakovsky and Lomonosov, Sumarokov took part in the reform of Russian versification, substantiating the role in the verse of the Pirrichians and Sponge. The Sumarokov school of a particularly accurate rhyme “Rhymes, smooth as glass” was an innovative antipode of the assonance rhyme of Russian Baroque. The most important impact on the Russian drama of the era of classicism, was actually the author of the main theater repertoire, creating a canonical tragedy based on Racine's tradition.

In his tragedies, he paid attention to the spiritual world of heroes, strengthened the educational functions of the theater. The comedies wrote 12 comedies - “Treensotinius”, “Guardian” -, “The cuckold in the imagination”, etc. Along with the criticism of social phenomena, expressed political discontent in comedies. The fame was brought to him by the first tragedy of Khorev, published in the court and played at court.

His plays were played at the court of F., which was written out of Yaroslavl from Yaroslavl, Sumarokov LIRKED created in various genre forms and turned to the most diverse theme: in the student, he writes poems on a love theme-these are a variety of elegy, romances, sonnets, rondes, stans. Sumarokov’s songs were extremely popular among students. At a more mature age, he turns to philosophical and moral topics, creating for these purposes his own tradition of appraisal, which was competing with the “Lomonosov” ode.

Toward the end of life, the poet turns to a training subject and creates various odes, messages and elegy. Sumarokov is a large poet-translator who, following Simeon Polotsk and Vasily Trediakovsky, his new poetic transplant of Psalms. He also worked in the satire genre in the tradition of Cantemir Satire “On French”, “On thin rhymes”, etc. In the lyrics of Sumarokov, one can find the features of not only classicism, but also the nourishment of sentimentalism, as well as pre -dentism.

In the years, he was an active employee of the Academic Journal of Monthly Works, in the year he published his own magazine of the satirico-reinforcing shade “The hardworking bee” the first private journal in Russia. With the death of Sumarokov, a writer left the literature, who largely personified, embodied Russian classicism, for it was Sumarokov who developed the literary theory of our classicism and it was he who most consistently embodied its principles.

Detailed biography.