The biography of Rachmaninov was born

Latest news biography Sergey Vasilievich Rakhmaninov is a great Russian composer, also famous as a pianist and conductor. He received his first fame as a student, but then the thorny path followed, where, along with ups, there were falls. In his work, Rachmaninov synthesized two Russian composer schools - Moscow and St. Petersburg - and created a unique style that became a pearl of classical music.

Today, Sergei Vasilievich is rightfully considered one of the pillars of Russian musical art, whose glory spreads to the whole world. Childhood and youth, the future musician was born in the estate of the Semenovo of the Starorussky district of the Novgorod province, but his childhood was held in the Onega estate, which belonged to his father, the nobleman Vasily Arkadyevich.

He was from under Tambov, and his surname had ancient roots. Its first representative was the grandson of the Moldavian Lord Stefan the Great, Vasily, nicknamed Rachmanin. On the paternal line, Sergey’s grandfather was a pianist and performed concerts in the cities of the Russian Empire. Father was also known as a brilliant musician, but played only in friendly companies.

Then the boy was engaged in the invited pianist, and at the age of nine entered the junior class of the St. Petersburg Conservatory. After the transfer of young Rachmaninov to Moscow, he ended up in a private boarding house for musically gifted children led by Nikolai Zverev. The students of this institution were under constant supervision, hone the instruments playing six hours a day and went to the Philharmonic and the Opera Theater without fail.

However, four years later, having quarreled with a mentor, a talented teenager abandoned his studies. In Moscow, his relatives were sheltered, and only in the year the young man continued his studies - already at the senior department of the Moscow Conservatory. He graduated from it with a gold medal at 19 in two directions, like a pianist and as a composer.

By the way, even at a tender age, Rakhmaninov met Peter Tchaikovsky. Thanks to him, the first opera of the young talent “Aleo” based on the work of Alexander Pushkin was staged on the stage of the Bolshoi Theater. After graduating from the conservatory, the young man began to train young ladies at women's institutes. He taught Rachmaninov piano and private, although he always did not like to be a teacher.

Later, the composer took the place of the conductor at the Bolshoi Theater and led the orchestra when they staged performances from the Russian repertoire. When the October Revolution of the Year occurred, Sergey Vasilievich did not accept it, so he emigrated from Russia. He took advantage of the invitation to give a concert in Stockholm and did not return from there. He decided to act as a pianist.

Rachmaninov gave a concert for a concert and quickly paid off his debts, and also won fame. At the end of the year, the musician on the steamer sailed to New York, where he was met as a hero and a star of the first magnitude. In the USA, Sergei Vasilievich continued to tour as a pianist, and occasionally as a conductor and did not stop this activity until the end of his life.

The Americans idolized the Russian composer, a crowd of photographers always followed him. He even had to go to cunning to get rid of annoying attention. For example, he often rented a hotel room, but spent the night in a personal railway car to confuse reporters. Music as a student of the Conservatory Rachmaninov became famous at Moscow level. Then he wrote the first piano concert, the prelude to the Dizhm Minor, which became his hallmark for many years, as well as many lyrical romances.

But so successfully starting career was interrupted due to the failure of the first symphony. After its performance in the year in St. Petersburg, a flurry of criticism and devastating reviews fell on the composer. For more than three years, Sergei Vasilievich did not compose anything, being depressed. Only by resorting to the help of a hypnotist, the young man managed to overcome the creative crisis.

And this opus is still considered one of the greatest works of classical music. Speaking of the work of the Russian composer, one cannot but name the magical in beauty "vocalizes". This work was published as part of the collection “Fourteen songs”, but is performed separately and is an indicator of performing skills. Today there are versions of “vocalization” not only for the voice, but also for piano, violin and other tools, including with the orchestra.

After emigration, Sergei Vasilievich did not write significant works for a long time. It is noteworthy that all of them belong to the heights of world classical music. The personal life of Rachmaninov was an amorous person, feelings for the surrounding ladies have repeatedly flashed in his heart. Thanks to such emotionality, the composer’s romances were so lyrical. Sergey was 17 years old when he met a scalon.

Especially the young man identified the faith, which was either Verochka or "my psychopath." The romantic sense of the musician turned out to be mutual, but at the same time purely platonic.Vera Scalon the young man dedicated the song “In the Silence of the Night of the Secret”, a romance for cello and piano, as well as the second part of the first piano concert. But at the same time, an ardent young man fell in love with Anna Lodyzhenskaya, a friend's wife.

For her, he composed the romance “Oh no, I pray, do not leave! And with the future wife, Natalya Alexandrovna Satina, Rakhmaninov met much earlier, because she was the daughter of the very relatives who sheltered a young musician when he threw his studies in the Moscow boarding house. In the year, the composer gave Natalia a romance "do not sing, beauty, with me." Rachmaninov’s personal life was determined nine years later - Satina became his official wife, and a year later - the mother of Irina's eldest daughter.

Sergey Vasilyevich had a second daughter, Tatyana, who was born in the year. But on this the love of the legend of Russian classics did not exhaust itself. One of the composer’s muses was a young singer Nina Kositz, for whom he specially wrote a number of vocal parties. After the emigration of Rachmaninov, on tour trips, he was accompanied only by his wife, whom he called the "good genius of my whole life." Despite the fact that the main time, the composer and pianist spent the main time in the United States, he often visited Switzerland, where he built the luxurious villa of Senar, which opens a view of the Lake Firvaldstesk Lake and Mount Pilatus.

The name of the villa is the abbreviation of the names of its owners, Sergey and Natalia Rachmaninov. In this house, the composer realized his long -standing enthusiasm for equipment. There you could find an elevator, a toy railway, and one of the new products of that time is a vacuum cleaner. There was a Rachmaninov and the owner of a patent for the invention: he created a special coupling with a heating pad attached to it, in which the pianists can warm his hands before the concert.

Also in the garage of the musician there was always a brand new “Cadillac” or “continental”, which he changed annually. All his life, the composer remained a patriot, surrounded himself in emigration by Russian friends, Russian servants, Russian books. But he refused to return, as he did not recognize the Soviet regime. He began to send monetary fees from concerts to the Red Army Foundation and urged acquaintances to follow his example.

Death all his life Sergei Vasilievich smoked a lot, without parting with cigarettes. Most likely, it was this habit that caused him in the declining of years with melanoma. True, the composer himself did not suspect on oncological disease, he worked until the last days and a month and a half before his death gave a grand concert in the United States, which became the last for him.

The disease progressed quickly, at the medical council it was decided not to inform Rachmaninov about his state of health.

The wife and relatives of the composers kept his peace and did not disclose a secret. The great Russian composer did not live up to the summer for three days. He died in a California apartment in Beverly Hills on March 28. The cause of death was cancer. The grave of Rachmaninov is located in the cemetery near New York. Memory of Rachmaninov’s image inspired Russian artists to create portraits.

Thanks to the knowledge they have preserved, a walking tour “Novgorod - in the life of the great Rachmaninov” was compiled. Its appearance is dedicated to the anniversary date - the anniversary of the birth of the maestro, which was celebrated in April of the year. Earlier, a monument to Sergey Vasilievich was opened in the city, it was installed behind the Kremlin Park.

The composer's name was assigned to the local college of arts. They store the memory of the maestro in the Tambov region, where in the village of Ivanovka there is a family estate of the Rachmaninovs. Here, too, a monument was opened, created according to the composer’s photo in his youth. An annual music contests are held at the museum-estate, master classes for young pianists are held.

The musician was a bearer of the pianistic tradition of Nikolai Rubinstein and Ferenc Liszt. The latter, in turn, in his youth improved skill under the guidance of a student Ludwig Van Beethoven Karl Cherni. The roots of the pianistic skill of Nikolai Zverev went back to the London school, the founder of which was Mucio Clementent. The memory of the ringing of bells of the Novgorod Kremlin, which the composer kept since childhood, was embodied in his works.

Rachmaninov’s close friend was his colleague in the musical workshop Fedor Chaliapin. They met in their youth and began to communicate closely and fruitfully. Sergei Vasilievich was engaged in the musical education of a comrade, and the king-bass inspired the composer to compose romances, including such as the “resurrection of Lazarus”, “fate”. It is known that friends loved to make fun of each other.

After the wedding, Chaliapin Rakhmaninov arranged an impromptu concert under the windows of his comrade, in which he used kitchen utensils as instruments. The romance “Lilac”, which became the “superkhit” of the Silver Age after the premiere performance by Nadezhda Walley, the wife of Mikhail Vrubel, accompanied the composer all his creative life. After each concert, Sergei Vasilievich received a bouquet of white lilac from an unknown fan.He later learned that the teacher from the Kyiv province of Fekla Russo turned out to be a mysterious stranger.

Between Rachmaninov and the fan, the friendship ensued, which they continued in correspondence.